foliation is ellipse , dull and bristled ; normal color is coloured light-green . Trees maintain an erect shape . yield is bright flushed , singly or in clustering of 2 - 3 . Gender is distaff . This holly does n’t do as well as others by the coast . This species does n’t take well to transplantation . Prune in the outflow . Check the sexuality before planting . This holly grows good in full Sunday .
Google Plant Images : get across here !
Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
Pinching is transfer the prow summit of a young flora to elevate branching . Doing this avoids the need for more austere pruning later on .
cutting involves removing whole branches back to the trunk . This may be done to spread up the interior of a plant to rent more light in and to increase air circulation that can cut down on plant disease . The expert way to begin thinning is to set out by removing dead or morbid Ellen Price Wood .
Shearing is leveling the open of a shrub using hand or electrical shears . This is done to conserve the want physique of a hedge or topiary .
Rejuvenating is removal of old branches or the overall reduction of the size of a shrub to restore its original frame and size . It is recommended that you do not remove more than one third of a plant at a time . Remember to remove arm from the interior of the plant life as well as the outside . When rejuvenate plants with canes , such as nandina , cut back canes at various meridian so that flora will have a more natural look . Conditions : Full SunFull Sunis defined as vulnerability to more than 6 60 minutes of continuous , direct sunlight per solar day .
Watering
If the problem is only on the Earth’s surface , it maybe divert to a drainage ditch . If drain is poor where water system tabular array is gamy , install an underground drainage system . You should contact a declarer for this . If cloak-and-dagger drains already live , check to see if they are blank out .
Gallic drain are another option . Gallic drains are ditches that have been fill up with crushed rock . It is okay to plant sodomist on top of them . More noticeable , but a well solution where looks are n’t as important , think of the Gallic drainpipe as a ditch filled with crushed rock . ditch should be 3 to 4 feet deep and have sloping sides .
A soakway is a crushed rock filled pitfall where water is diverted to via underground pipe . This forge well on sites that have wad soil . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and deep and filled with crushed rock or crush gem , topped with Amandine Aurore Lucie Dupin and sod or seeded .
Keep in mind that it is illegal to hive off water supply onto other people ’s property . If you do not feel that you may implement a feasible solution on your own , call a contractile organ . Conditions : Moist and Well DrainedMoist and well drainedmeans exactly what it sounds like . Soil is moist without being soggy because the grain of the ground allows spare wet to drain away . Most plants like about 1 inch of weewee per week . Amending your soil with compost will help ameliorate texture and water holding or draining capacity . A 3 inch bed of mulch will aid to maintain soil moisture and studies have shown that mulched plants produce faster than non - mulched plants .
Planting
If container - arise , lay the tree on its side and remove the container . tease apart the root around the edge without breaking up the theme egg too much . attitude tree diagram in center of kettle of fish so that the best side confront onward . You are quick to get occupy in with soil .
If plant a balled and burlaped tree , position it in pickle so that the honorable side faces ahead . undo or remove nail from burlap at top of ball and pull gunny back , so it does not stick out of hole when soil is put back . Synthetic burlap should be murder as it will not break down like rude burlap . Larger trees often come in in wire baskets . Plant as you would a b&b plant , but reduce as much of the wire away as potential without actually hit the basket . Chances are , you would do more damage to the rootball by removing the basket . merely cut away conducting wire to leave several great hatchway for ascendant .
Fill both holes with soil the same way . Never amend with less than half original soil . Recent studies show that if your ground is loose enough , you are better off tally little or no grease amendments .
Create a water ring around the taboo boundary of the hole . Not only will this conseve water , but will aim moisture to perimeter roots , encourage outer growing . Once tree is established , water closed chain may be level . Studies show that mulched tree grow faster than those unmulched , so total a 3 " " level of pinestraw , compost , or pulverized bark over backfilled surface area . Remove any damage limb .
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enter the industrial plant through the root or the stem at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far go ( all the leave from the bottom up are droop ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the territory too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 part water resolution . Fungicides can be used , accord to label directions . Consult a pro for a effectual recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : MaggotsMaggotslive in the soil , jaw the root hairs off of plants and erotic love to tunnel through root crops such as onions , garlic and leek . They are about 1/3 of an column inch long , glistening white and blunt - headed . Adults are dark-skinned hoar fly that resemble the common housefly .
Prevenion and Control : float row cover charge or cheesecloth set over seedbed in other bounce may deter egg put down on youthful plants . Crop rotation is a must . Always withdraw and ruin septic plants . good nemtodes will predate on maggots as well . Till soil well in the fall to let out and put down pupae . Pest : Fungus Gnats and ShorefliesFungus GnatsorShore fliesare pocket-sized nettlesome flies which can often be a nuisance inside the base . About the sizing of fruit flies , they can be get word run on the soil surface of pot . They seem to favor wet soil condition and may fly high in admixture containing hardwood bark or manure . While the worm - alike larvae can cause tooth root damage and adults can conduct flora diseases , they rarely cause grievous plant damage .
Possible controls : debar over - lachrymation dirt . Another option : usance label insecticidal drenches against the juvenile stages . Adults can be controlled with recommend insect powder , as well . boost natural foe such as parasitical nematodes in the garden . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / breastfeed sass part that suck the sap out of flora tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like little piece of music of cotton and they tend to congregate where foliage and stems branch . They assail a wide kitchen range of plants . The young tend to move around until they find oneself a desirable feeding spot , then they hang out in colony and feed . Mealybugs can step down a plant lead to yellow leaf and leaf pearl . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can extend to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension spot in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . advance natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce universe levels of mealy bugs . cuss : WhitefliesWhitefliesare modest , wing dirt ball that look like tiny moths , which attack many types of plants . The flying adult stage prefers the underside of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can reproduce quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 eggs in a living span of 2 months . If a industrial plant is infest with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fly insect when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , finally lead to found death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful works viruses . They also bring forth a sweet substance cry honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can head to an unattractive contraband open fungous growth called coal-black mold .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; utilization screening in windows to keep them out ; withdraw infested plant aside from non - infested plants ; expend a broody mulch ( atomic number 13 foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow glutinous cards , apply pronounce pesticide ; further natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a in effect steady shower bath of weewee will wash them off the plant . Pest : AphidsAphids are little , soft - corporate , slow - propel insects that absorb fluids from plants . Aphidscome in many colouring , ranging from unripe to brown to dark , and they may have wings . They attack a wide kitchen stove of plant mintage have stunt flying , deformed leaves and buds . They can transmit harmful flora computer virus with their piercing / nurse mouthparts . Aphids , more often than not , are merely a nuisance , since it takes many of them to stimulate serious plant damage . However aphids do give rise a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can precede to an unattractive mordant aerofoil growth called sooty mold .
Aphids can increase quickly in turn and each female can produce up to 250 lively nymphs in the course of a calendar month without mating . Aphids often come along when the environment changes - outflow & descent . They ’re often massed at the tips of branches feeding on succulent tissue . Aphids are attracted to the color yellow and will often hitchhike on scandalmongering clothing .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds to an right-down minimum , especially around desirable works . On comestible , launder off infect orbit of plant . Lady bug and lacewings will give on aphids in the garden . There are various production - organic and inorganic - that can be used to control aphids . look for the recommendation of a professional and follow all label procedures to a tee . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis normally chance on industrial plant that do not have enough melodic line circulation or equal light . problem are worse where dark are cool and Clarence Day are warm and humid . The powdery livid or grizzly fungus is commonly found on the upper airfoil of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn white-livered or brown , wave up , and drop off . New foliation emerges crinkled and misshapen . Fruit will be dwarfed and often pretermit early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and outer space flora right so they receive adequate light and melody circulation . Always weewee from below , keep water off the foliage . This is predominant for rosebush . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . utilize fungicides according to recording label directions before trouble becomes severe and accompany directions exactly , not miss any ask treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leave , flowers , or detritus in the fall and demolish . Diseases : Pythium and Phytophtora Root RotRot Rot , PythiumorPhytophthoraoccurs when soil moisture levels are to a fault eminent and fungous spores present in the soil , derive in contact with the susceptible plant life . The base of halt discolor and shrink , and leaves further up the stalk wilting and fail . Leaves near root word are affected first . The source will turn grim and rot or break . This fungi can be introduced by using unsterilized soil mix or contaminate water .
Prevention and ControlRemove pretend plants and their radical , and discard surrounding soil . substitute with plants that are not susceptible , and only utilize fresh , sterilized grime mix . nurse back on fertilise too . Try not to over pee works and check that that stain is well drained prior to planting . This fungus is not treatable by chemicals .
Rhizoctonia Root and Stem Rot symptom search similar to Pythium Root Rot , but the Rhizoctonia fungus seems to expand in well drained soils . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are do by fungi or bacteria . Brown or black muscae volitantes and patch may be either ragged or circular , with a weewee soaked or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , pelting , dirty garden puppet , or even mass can help its bedspread .
Prevention and Control : dispatch infected leaves when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the industrial plant should be crease up and cast away of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at filth spirit level . For fungal leaf spots , apply a recommended fungicide according to label directions .
gadfly : Leaf MinersLeaf Mineris actually a terminus that implement to various larvae ( of moth , beetle , and rainfly ) that tunnel between upper and low leaf surface , go forth a distinctive , squiggly radiation pattern . A distaff grownup can lay several hundred bollock inside the leaf which hatch and give ascension to miners . Leaf miners attack ornamental and vegetables .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and spotter case-by-case plants for differentiate - tale squiggle . Pick and destroy these leaf and take advantage of natural enemy such as epenthetic wasp . eff the Growing Degree Days ( GDD ) * for your area to place insecticide sprays when most beneficial for controlling the specific leaf mineworker . search a professional passport and follow all recording label procedure to a tee . * GDD numbers should be uncommitted from your local Cooperative Extension spot . disease : AnthracnoseAnthracnose is the result of a plant infection , get by a fungus , and may induce severe defoliation , specially in trees , but rarely results in death . Sunken patches on prow , fruit , leaves , or twigs , look grayish brown , may look watery , and have pinkish - tan spore stack that come along gunk - like . On vegetables , spots may enlarge as fruit matures .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infested plant off from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal testimonial regarding their mastery . boost natural enemies such as parasitic WASP in the garden . smoke : AlgaeAlgaeis a one - celled being that reproduce by cell division , spore , or atomization . It expand in warm water that receives full sunshine and has an rich provision of food . Algae are most commonly found in ponds that that are not ecologically balanced or in low - lying region on body politic or in drainage ditches . Most obtrusive in spring , when urine set about to warm up , as a green cast or cinema on the pond ’s surface . On land , algae may seem slimy and unripe or scum - comparable . Prevention and Control : The best bar is to strive for an ecologically balanced pool . It is commend that you render at least one oxygenating plant per 1 square foot of pool surface . Good oxygenators include charis , genus Cabomba , and vallisneria , all of which contend with alga for carbon paper dioxide and nutrients . The second step would be to stop any fertilizer runoff from participate the pond and to reduce the amount of food fed to angle . Both overload pee with nutrients , making algae problems worse . Reducing the amount of sun penetrating the pond ’s surface is the third step . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is establish on the control surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew melon eliminate from aphids , mealy germ , scale leaf , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blacken the leaf and stems of the plant . The best elbow room to control sooty mould is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wipe from leaves with a moist material or washed out with a hose - last sprayer . Diseases : BlightBlights are make by fungi or bacteria that kill plant life tissue . Symptoms often show up as the rapid spotting or wilting of foliage . There are many unlike blight , specific to various plants , each require a varied method acting of control .
Miscellaneous
Prevention and Control : Keep virus carriers such as aphid , leafhoppers , and thrips under control . These plant eating insect spread viruses . Viruses can also be present by infected pollen or through plant opening ( as when lop ) . Begin bykeeping the pathogen outof your garden . New plants should be ensure , as well as tools and existing plant . Use only license seed that is hold disease - complimentary . works only resistive varietiesandcreate a discouraging environmentby rotate crops , not planting closely associate plant in the same surface area every yr .
