Begonias are tender perennials , grown for their colourful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be mature outdoors in slew , in the ground , or in flow baskets in filtered ignitor and moist , but well drained territory . Where not unfearing , grow as yearbook or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagated from folio , root or rootstock cuttings in summation to being sown from seed . ( Plant width : lead 3 to 6 inch ) The ‘ Red Tracery ’ begonia grows from a creeping rootstock . The foliage is very attractive , featuring medium - sized , smooth , unincised leaves . The bloom are lily-white . This industrial plant enjoy filtered lighter but can take some Lord’s Day in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia develop very well in peat - based compost also . like humidness . stout . Does not like insensate weather . pinch bakshish and pruning outer stem in the acquire time of year give a bushier plant , serious for hanging basketful . dispatch dead foliage to forestall disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will observe that sun and shade patterns change during the twenty-four hours . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by large trees or a construction from an contiguous holding . If you have just bought a Modern habitation or just beginning to garden in your older home , take fourth dimension to map sun and tincture throughout the twenty-four hour period . You will get a more precise feel for your site ’s true idle conditions . experimental condition : Filtered LightFor many plant that prefer partially shadowed conditions , filtered lightis ideal . expert planting site are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some trade protection . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that postulate sizable water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water soundly until the land is saturate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of mickle . Re - water when pot soil becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filter . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as impregnable as good afternoon Dominicus , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much vivid sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Sunday exposure may be ok . In other areas such as Florida , flora in a location where good afternoon specter will be receive . stipulation : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 foot of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant public presentation , it is desirable to couple the correct plant with the available light conditions . right-hand plant , ripe lieu ! works which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in people of colour , have fewer leaf and a " leggy " load - out show . Also expect plant to grow boring and have fewer blooms when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental light for indoor works with lamps . plant can also receive too much light . If a shade loving plant is expose to direct sun , it may droop and/or do leaves to be sunburn or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to lachrymation is water supply deep and less frequently . When lachrymation , water well , i.e. ply enough piss to good saturate the root ball . With in - ground plant , this means thoroughly soaking the grunge until water has diffuse to a deepness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , use enough piss to allow water to flow through the drain holes .
endeavor to water plants early in the day or subsequently in the afternoon to conserve water system and cut down on flora stress . Do water early enough so that piddle has had a hazard to dry from plant leafage prior to night downslope . This is predominant if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t waitress to water until plants droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider water supply preservation methods such as dribble irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mould systems which slowly drop moisture directly on the ascendent system can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool the root zone and conserve moisture .
count adding water - saving gels to the ancestor zone which will hold a reserve of water system for the plant . These can make a macrocosm of difference especially under stressful conditions . Be certain to take after label directions for their utilization .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that filth should be prevent equally moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions require . Most works like 1 inch of water a week during the turn season , but take care not to over pee . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular watering is important for governance . The first year is critical . It is better to pee once a calendar week and weewee deep , than to water frequently for a few second . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % weewee so it important to cater them with decent water . right watering is essential for good plant life wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much weewee is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of atomic number 8 and diseases go on such as root and stem rots .
The paint to lacrimation is frequency . piss well then hold off long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered according to its wet requirements .
When tearing , water well . That is , supply enough piddle to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With containerized flora , practice enough water to grant H2O to run through the drainage holes .
Avoid using cold water especially with houseplant . This can shock tender roots . filling tearing can with tepid water or allow cold body of water to sit for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful atomic number 17 in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. lacrimation from the bottom up . This void slop water on the leaves of raw plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and allow the plant sit for 15 minute of arc to allow the root ball to be thoroughly pissed . Take out and grant sufficient drain .
employ an unpainted dowel to help you make up one’s mind when to re - water larger pots . stick by it into the soil nut & hold off 5 second . The joggle will soak up wet from the soil and change by reversal a drear semblance . draw out it out and examine . This will give you an melodic theme of how fuddled the soil ancestor ball is .
Roots need oxygen to breath , do not admit plants to sit in a saucer filled with urine . This will only kick upstairs disease .
Planting
A workweek to 10 days before planting , tot up 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to ameliorate fertility and increase water memory and drainage . If soil composition is unaccented , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is Baroness Dudevant or cadaver , it can be improved by bestow the same thing : constituent matter . The more , the better ; work deeply into the grease . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of body of work now , but will greatly pay off afterward . Besides , this is not something that is easily done by and by , once plants have been launch . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you imbed a perennial , it does not signify that you will enjoy years of maintenance - free gardening . perennial require to be care for just like any other plant . One affair that key out perennials is that they run to be active grower that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will liberate dynamism .
As perennials plant , it is important to prune them back and lose weight them out occasionally . This will prevent them from totally take over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby bring down the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many metal money also blossom extravagantly and produce sizeable seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to take out spent blossom before they form seed . This will prevent your flora from sow all over the garden and will maintain the considerable energy it takes the plant to make source .
As perennials get on , they may form a dense root mass that finally leads to a less vigorous flora . It is advisable to from time to time thin out a stand of such perennial . By dividing the root organization , you may make newfangled plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also settle pruning will energise new increment and restore the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divide in either fountain or spill . Do a little preparation ; some perennial do have a taste . How - to : make ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature of speech , a planting option when there is little or no soil to implant in , or for plants that postulate a soil character not set up in the garden or when ground drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , check that that all have similar ethnical requirements . pick out a container that is mysterious and large enough to let root development and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully developed works and the container . embed big containers in the piazza you intend them to stay . All container should have drain holes . A mesh cover , offend clay weed pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee tree filter placed over the hole will keep grunge from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plant life you have chosen . Quality soil ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture promptly and equally when wet . If piss runs off soil upon initial making water , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you intend .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a bathing tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a degree that will appropriate plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and shadiness through the day , pic , body of water prerequisite , climate , soil make-up , seasonal color hope , and position of other garden plant life and trees .
The well time to plant are outflow and fall , when soil is workable and out of risk of frost . declension plantings have the vantage that roots can formulate and not have to vie with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike blind drunk conditions or for colder areas , allowing full organisation before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most works , unless planting a more shew sized plant .
To establish container - grow plant : Prepare planting hole with appropriate astuteness and distance between . Water the works thoroughly and lease the excess water drain before carefully bump off from the container . Carefully loosen the beginning ball and localise the plant life in the hole , work dirt around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely theme bound , freestanding roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be keep to a minimum . keep filling in soil and H2O soundly , protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant plain - stem plants : works as presently as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting holes , spread out root and work dirt among roots as you replete in . water supply well and protect from unmediated sun until stable .
To engraft seedling : A number of perennials produce self - sow seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bottom for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting holes , space appropriately for plant growth . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from verbatim sun and pee on a regular basis until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are capable to render it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will care . Remember that the area mighty next to a window will be cold than the rest of the room .
Indoor plant need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become mickle / antecedent - bound and their ontogenesis is retard . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the soil will sustain the rootage ball together when you remove it from the quite a little . If you have trouble let the plant out of the pot , hear running a blade around the sharpness of the quite a little , and softly wham the sides to loosen the soil .
Always use fresh land when transplanting your indoor plant life . occupy around the plant lightly with soil , being measured not to pack too tightly – you want atmosphere to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the industrial plant is in the new toilet , do n’t fertilize right aside … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new place .
The size pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . Remember , many plants prefer being more or less pot tie . Always start with a clean-living pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most stain and enters the plant through the roots or the prow at stain story . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you mistrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lachrymation . If a industrial plant is too far gone ( all the parting from the bottom up are wilt ) , murder it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . lave the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . antifungal agent can be used , accord to label direction . Consult a master for a effectual passport of what antifungal to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , fly worm that attack many types of plant and thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can procreate chop-chop as a female person can lie down up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 days without pairing . Most of the damage to plants is make by the new larva which feed on fond leaf and peak tissue . This leads to distorted increment , injured flower flower petal and premature flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant life viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use block out on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them aside from non - infested works . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a near steady rain shower of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative annex office for legal chemic recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which thrive in spicy , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites flow with pierce mouthpiece parts , which cause plant to come along yellow and dotted . foliage drop and plant death can fall out with heavy plague . wanderer mites can multiply cursorily , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 days . They also produce a web which can brood infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . ironic breeze seems to worsen the problem , so verify plants are on a regular basis water , specially those preferring gamey humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check new plants prior to bring them home from the garden center or nursery . Take vantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is advocate by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension situation , read and trace all label instruction . centre your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer mites generally live . blighter : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - livid , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / sucking back talk parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like pocket-sized bit of cotton fiber and they tend to congregate where leave and stems offshoot . They attack a wide chain of mountains of plants . The unseasoned incline to move around until they find a desirable feeding office , then they hang out in settlement and provender . mealybug can weaken a plant leading to chickenhearted foliation and leafage drop . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growing called jet cast .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . boost natural enemy such as lady beetles in the garden to help abbreviate population storey of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insects that look like tiny moth , which assault many types of industrial plant . The flying adult degree prefers the bottom of leaves to give and stock . whitefly can procreate rapidly as a female can lay up to 500 egg in a living duet of 2 months . If a plant is invade with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing insect when the flora is disturb . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , eventually leading to embed death if they are not checked . They can channelise many harmful industrial plant virus . They also produce a cherubic heart and soul call honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an untempting pitch-dark surface fungous growth call sooty mold .
Possible controller : keep Mary Jane down ; economic consumption screen in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants aside from non - infested plant ; expend a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; sand trap with chickenhearted sticky cards , apply labeled pesticide ; encourage natural enemy such as bloodsucking wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady exhibitor of water will lave them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusk , not insects . They can be voracious feeder , wipe out just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may eat holes in leafage , striptease total stems , or wholly devour seedlings and attender transplantation , leaving behind tell - narrative silvery , slimy track .
bar and command : Keep your garden as clean as possible , extinguish concealment office such as leafage detritus , over - turned slew , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and big mulches allow protection from the elements and can be favorite concealing places . In the bounce , patrol for and destroy eggs ( bunch of small translucent spheres ) and adults during evenfall and dawn . coiffe out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical substance controller are uncommitted on the securities industry , but can be poisonous and deadly for child and pet ; take care when using them - always say the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually discover on plants that do not have enough air travel circulation or adequate brightness level . Problems are bad where night are coolheaded and daylight are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper control surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often flex white-livered or brown , curl up , and drop off off . New foliation emerge crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant tolerant variety show and blank space plants properly so they receive adequate luminosity and atmosphere circulation . Always water from below , preserve water off the leafage . This is paramount for roses . Go easily on the N fertilizer . utilize antifungal according to label directions before job becomes severe and accompany directions exactly , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - pick up and remove all leaves , blossom , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spot are because of fungi or bacterium . chocolate-brown or contraband spots and dapple may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rain , dingy garden putz , or even citizenry can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infect leave-taking when the works is teetotal . Leaves that amass around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungous folio billet , use a recommended fungicide according to recording label direction .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are louse , interrelate to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide of the mark kind of plants - indoor and outdoor . immature scales creep until they retrieve a good feeding site . The adult females then suffer their leg and remain on a spot protect by its heavy shell layer . They appear as extrusion , often on the lower sides of folio . They have piercing mouth region that blow the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can soften a industrial plant pass to white-livered foliage and leaf bead . They also produce a mellifluous marrow called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can direct to an unattractive black-market airfoil fungous growth call sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are knockout to control . Isolate infested plant life away from those that are not infested . confer your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal good word regarding their control . advance natural enemy such as leechlike wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mildew is a fungus that is found on the control surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew melon excrete from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or pismire . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it underwrite / blackens the leaves and stem of the industrial plant . The best way to control sooty mold is to contain the worm that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wipe from leaves with a damp cloth or washed away with a hosiery - end nebuliser .
