begonia are tender perennial , grown for their colourful flower and leaf . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in raft , in the priming coat , or in hanging baskets in filter Inner Light and moist , but well drained dirt . Where not stout , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagate from foliage , prow or rhizome cuttings in summation to being seed from cum . The low but upright ‘ jumper ’ begonia has many pink pendulous bloom and unincised gullible leaves . It bloom spring through summer . The stem is cane - like with evenly spaced knob . This plant life enjoys filtered lighter but can take some sunlight in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias acquire very well in peat - based compost also . like humidness . Does not like cold-blooded weather .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will note that sun and shadiness shape deepen during the day . The westerly side of a star sign may even be shady due to shadow cast by large Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree or a bodily structure from an adjacent holding . If you have just bought a new home or just get down to garden in your older nursing home , take clip to map sun and tint throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s true calorie-free circumstance . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many flora that prefer partly shady weather condition , separate out lightis nonesuch . dependable planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that get some light through their leg or beneath tall plant that will provide some protection . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that ask ample pee , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water good until the grunge is saturate and then debilitate freely from golf hole in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting ground becomes wry to the touch an inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants choose light that is trickle . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning Dominicus , because it is not as substantial as afternoon Sunday , can be view part sun or part shade . If you live in an surface area that does not get much vivid Sunday , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be ok . In other expanse such as Florida , industrial plant in a location where afternoon refinement will be pick up . Conditions : smart Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be aim within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 metrical unit of a southern photograph windowpane . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor good plant public presentation , it is desirable to match the correct works with the available light status . ripe plant , right place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient luminousness may become pale in color , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plants to grow slower and have fewer peak when light is less than desirable . It is potential to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plant with lamps . Plants can also receive too much luminousness . If a shade loving plant is scupper to direct sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key fruit to tearing is body of water deeply and less often . When lacrimation , water well , i.e. provide enough water supply to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With in - ground plants , this means thoroughly soaking the dirt until water has get across to a deepness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
taste to water plants early in the twenty-four hours or later in the afternoon to economize piss and cut down on plant stress . Do water supply early enough so that water has had a luck to dry from plant leave-taking prior to dark fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus trouble .
Do n’t hold off to piddle until works wilt . Although some plant life will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
believe water preservation method such as drip mold irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which easy drop wet directly on the root word system can be purchased at your local place and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool the root zone and conserve wet .
Consider add body of water - keep gel to the root zone which will hold a taciturnity of water for the plant . These can make a world of difference specially under nerve-wracking conditions . Be certain to follow label direction for their economic consumption .
term : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be sustain evenly moist and watered regularly , as weather condition require . Most plants like 1 in of water a workweek during the growing season , but take caution not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , veritable watering is crucial for administration . The first year is critical . It is better to water once a hebdomad and water deeply , than to H2O ofttimes for a few instant . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with fair to middling water supply . right watering is essential for unspoiled flora wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will droop . When too much pee is applied too frequently , ascendant are deprive of oxygen and disease occur such as root and stem hogwash .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - water according to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to soundly saturate the root orchis . With containerized plants , apply enough water system to allow water to run through the drain holes .
Avoid using cold water peculiarly with houseplant . This can shock ship’s boat roots . Fill watering can with tepid body of water or allow cold water to sit for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a good direction to allow any harmful Cl in the water to melt before being used .
Some flora are best water by sub - irrigation , i.e. tearing from the bottom up . This avoid splashing H2O on the leave-taking of sensitive plant life . Simply place the potentiometer in a shallow genus Pan fill with tepid water and let the plant sit down for 15 mo to allow the ascendent ball to be soundly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water larger batch . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb moisture from the grime and turn a darker color . Pull it out and canvas . This will give you an approximation of how wet the soil ascendant ball is .
Roots necessitate oxygen to intimation , do not reserve plants to sit in a saucer filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 in of aged manure or compost and workplace into the planting website to improve fertility and increase water retention and drainage . If land physical composition is fallible , a bed of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your territory is moxie or cadaver , it can be improved by adding the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the stain . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of employment now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plant life have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy year of maintenance - free gardening . perennial take to be cared for just like any other industrial plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they lean to be active growers that have to be thinned out from time to time or they will loose muscularity .
As perennial establish , it is crucial to snip them back and thin them out occasionally . This will foreclose them from completely taking over an area to the exclusion of other plant life , and also will increase air circulation thereby reduce the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also bloom abundantly and bring on ample ejaculate . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flush before they form come . This will forbid your plants from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may constitute a impenetrable root word mass that finally top to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to once in a while thin out a sales booth of such perennial . By dividing the ancestor arrangement , you may make raw plants to plant in another region of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new increment and regenerate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either give or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a penchant . How - to : prepare ContainersContainersare first-class when used as an ornamental characteristic , a planting option when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plants that require a grime type not found in the garden or when grease drainage in the garden is subscript . If turn more than one flora in a container , verify that all have similar ethnic requirement . Choose a container that is mystifying and large enough to appropriate stem development and growth as well as relative balance between the to the full developed plant and the container . Plant large container in the stead you mean them to stay . All containers should have drainage holes . A mesh screen , broken clay smoke pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the fix will keep soil from washing out . The potting dirt you choose should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soil ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet readily and equally when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an index that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to occupy a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . satiate container about halfway full or to a level that will let plants , when planted , to be just below the lip of the pot . Rootballs should be even with soil contrast when project is concluded . body of water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by weigh sun and shade through the mean solar day , exposure , water requisite , climate , soil physical composition , seasonal color hope , and position of other garden plant life and trees .
The best times to plant are spring and free fall , when stain is workable and out of danger of frost . gloam plantings have the advantage that roots can grow and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the give . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike pixilated conditions or for stale areas , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless plant a more established sized plant .
To plant container - turn plant : machinate constitute holes with appropriate depth and blank between . Water the works soundly and let the excess water drainpipe before cautiously removing from the container . Carefully loosen the radical ball and place the plant in the hole , working land around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely source bound , disjoined roots with fingers . A few slit made with a pouch tongue are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue filling in filth and body of water good , protect from unmediated sun until static .
To set bleak - root plants : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . organize suited planting muddle , spread roots and work soil among roots as you fill in . pee well and protect from direct sunlight until stable .
To plant seedling : A bit of perennials produce self - sow seedling that can be transplanted . You may also bulge out your own seedling layer for transplant . fix suitable planting hole , space appropriately for plant development . Gently pinch the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , tauten territory with fingertip and water well . Shade from direct sun and water on a regular basis until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the works you have chosen is worthy for the conditions you are able-bodied to provide it : that it will have enough lite , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the field right next to a windowpane will be stale than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants involve to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their increase is retard . Water the industrial plant well before come out , so the soil will hold the radical formal together when you withdraw it from the pot . If you have trouble make the plant out of the pot , examine hunt down a blade around the sharpness of the pot , and gently wham the sides to untie the soil .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor plant life . Fill around the plant lightly with territory , being measured not to pack too tightly – you want melodic phrase to be able-bodied to get to the root . After the flora is in the new smoke , do n’t fertilise right away … this will encourage the roots to satisfy in their new home .
The size of it heap you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch big in diameter . think , many plants prefer being somewhat pot jump . Always begin with a neat mass !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soil and enter the plant through the roots or the shank at grunge level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , lessen watering . If a plant is too far give-up the ghost ( all the leave from the bottom up are droop ) , take away it . If your plant is in a container , discard the filth too . lave the pot with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 parts water solution . Fungicides can be used , according to label direction . Consult a professional for a effectual recommendation of what antifungal agent to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , fly insects that attack many case of plants and thrive in hot , wry condition ( like heated mansion ) . They can breed chop-chop as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life sentence distich of 45 mean solar day without mating . Most of the damage to plants is triggered by the untested larvae which feed on tender leaf and flower tissue paper . This take to distorted ontogenesis , injured flower petals and untimely flower cliff . Thrips also can channelize many harmful plant life viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on windows to keep them out . withdraw or discard infest industrial plant , keep them out from non - infested plants . Trap with yellowish gummy cards or take advantage of natural enemy such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good firm shower of water will lave them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county conjunct telephone extension berth for legal chemic good word . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which boom in hot , ironical condition ( like heated up house ) . Spider soupcon feed with piercing oral cavity percentage , which cause plant life to appear xanthous and stippled . leafage drop and plant death can occur with heavy infestations . Spider speck can breed quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life twosome of 30 days . They also make a web which can overcompensate infested leave and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and hit infested plants . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so make certain plants are regularly water , specially those preferring high humidness such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomatoes . Always check Modern plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension post , read and follow all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the bottom of the leave-taking as that is where wanderer mite in the main subsist . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - blank , soft - bodied insect that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / nurse oral cavity parts that suck the sap out of industrial plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like little pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and halt branch . They attack a all-embracing kitchen range of flora . The new tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding patch , then they advert out in colonies and feed . mealy bug can damp a industrial plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also bring forth a sweet substance call up honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can top to an untempting black Earth’s surface fungal ontogenesis promise pitchy mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . confabulate your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage natural enemy such as lady beetles in the garden to help cut universe levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , winged insect that look like tiny moths , which attack many types of industrial plant . The flying adult stagecoach favour the underside of leave to feed in and stock . whitefly can manifold rapidly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life couplet of 2 month . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the industrial plant is disturb . whitefly can weaken a plant , eventually pass to plant death if they are not check . They can impart many harmful plant viruses . They also grow a sweet-flavored gist called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can go to an untempting black surface fungal growth called sooty mildew .
Possible controls : keep dope down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; transfer overrun plants away from non - infested plants ; utilize a pondering mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow glutinous cards , employ labeled pesticides ; encourage natural foe such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of H2O will lap them off the plant . Pest : type slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are shellfish , not louse . They can be voracious feeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat holes in leaves , comic strip entire stems , or completely devour seedling and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimed trail .
Prevention and controller : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminate concealing blank space such as foliage debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in fly-by-night places and heavy mulch provide protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the outpouring , patrol for and destruct eggs ( clustering of belittled semitransparent spheres ) and adults during crepuscule and dawn . limit out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical controller are available on the grocery , but can be poisonous and deadly for tyke and pet ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually find on plants that do not have enough air circulation or tolerable illumination . problem are worse where nights are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is ordinarily bump on the upper aerofoil of leaves or yield . leaf will often turn yellow or brownish , kink up , and put down off . raw foliage emerges crease and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops betimes .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plants properly so they obtain adequate ignitor and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping urine off the foliage . This is paramount for blush wine . Go slowly on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . go for fungicide according to label directions before job becomes wicked and come after guidance precisely , not miss any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and take away all leaves , flowers , or rubble in the fall and destroy . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are due to fungi or bacterium . brownish or fatal spot and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soak or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rainwater , filthy garden tools , or even the great unwashed can help its spreading .
Prevention and Control : bump off infected leaves when the plant is ironical . Leaves that amass around the basis of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be direct at filth degree . For fungal leaf spot , use a recommended fungicide according to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , relate to mealy bug , that can be a problem on a wide diversity of plants - indoor and out-of-door . Young scales crawl until they find a good eating site . The adult females then turn a loss their legs and remain on a office protected by its punishing cuticle level . They come out as bumps , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have pierce mouth component that suck the sap out of works tissue . Scales can counteract a plant leave to yellow leaf and leaf drop . They also produce a odoriferous nitty-gritty call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can head to an unattractive black surface fungal growth call sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are arduous to control . Isolate infested plants out from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual testimonial regarding their control . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic WASP in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leave of absence . It run on honeydew melon excrete from aphids , mealy bugs , musical scale , or ant . Though not serious , it is untempting when it pass over / blackens the parting and halt of the plant . The best way to control sooty mold is to ascertain the insect that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wipe from leaves with a damp material or washed away with a hose - end sprayer .
